Mayhem is an alternative casting cost first introduced in Marvel’s Spider-Man that lets you cast a card from your graveyard if you discarded it that turn. You pay its mayhem cost instead of its normal mana cost while still following normal timing rules.
Connive, looting, and other deliberate discard effects provide natural ways to enable mayhem. Villain-focused decks from Spider-Man can therefore turn what would normally be discarded resources into another round of trouble.